Concentric-valve mechanism for internal-combustion motors.



W. JfLEIGHTY. CONCBNTBIG VALVE MBGHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS. 1,054,970.V

APPLICATION FILED MAR 18, 1912.

Patented Mar. 4, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Patented 1\r1@u-.4,1913.`

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. J. LEIGHTY. l GONGENTRIC VALVE MBCHANISM FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 1B, 1912. 1,054,970.

f v w 5. e mlwuor UNITE STATES OFFICE.

WILLIAM J'. LEIGHTY. OF TOPEKA. KANSAS. ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HENRY W. JACOBS. OF TOPEKA, KANSAS.

CONCENTRIC-VALVE MECHANISM `FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 4, 1913.

Application filed March 18. 1912. Serial No. 684.537.

Be it known that l. umani J. laaion'rv. a citizen ot' the l'lnited States. and a resident of Topeka. iu the county ot Shawnee and State ot Kansas. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concentric-Valve Mechanism t'or Internal-Comhus tion Motors. ot' which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. which t'orm a part ot' my specitic-ation.

My invention relates to the valve construction ot' an internal combustion motor and the method of controlling the same; having for its object the provision ot' a construction Ywhich may be employed in connection with any method ot t'uel injection.

One object of in v invent-ion is" to provide a simple, economicalv and etlective concentric valve construction adapted for use in connection with tour-cycle type ot combustion mot-ors'. whethccwater or air cooled; the construction being applicable for use in connection with such motors. whether direct injection ot' fuel be employed or a arbureter used.

Another object otl my invention is to provide a concentric. valve construction in which both the intake and the exhaust valves are independently lifted or returned to their seats by their own respective mechanisms.

A further object of tle invention is the provision of a concentric valve construction so located with reference to the exhaust .port or chamber ofthe cylinder that the exhaust valve may be utilized as a conduit for the intake charge of explosive mixture. whereby the heating of the exhaust valve by the exhaust gases will thoroughly vaporize the intake charge passing through the conduit formed by the exhaust valve. while at the same time, the intake charge is employed to effectively cool the valves and valve seats.

Other advantages inherent in the construction will be more fully understood from the following detailed description wherein reference is had to the accompanying drawings. in which l Figure l is a partial longitudinal sec- .tional view through an internal combustion motor, illustrating the valve mechanism in closed position: the cylinder ot' the motor being shown provided with a t'uel injecting device. Fig. .2 is a detail longitudinal secand the means for securing the parts to,- gcther. Fig. :l is a longitudinal sectional view ot one end ot' the cylinder illustrated in Fig. l, showing the valve mechanism with the `exhaust valve in open position. Fig. l is a similar view showing the valve mechanism with Ythe intake valve in open position; the cylinder being shown adapted to have 'a carbureter attached thereto. Ffig. 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view taken through the valve stems, to more clearly illustrate the means employed tor securing the springs to t-he valve stems.

In the exen'iplication ot my invention, as illustrated in Fig. 1, I provide the exhaust end of the cylinder with an exhaust valve chamber in which is mounted a hollow cylindrical valve T. the upper end whereof is preferably provided with a spider 8. secured to the hollow stem in any suitable manner; and secured to lthe spider 8 is a hollow stem 9; these parts forming a complete exhaust valve in a simple manner.

Concentrically mounted in the exhaust valve is an intake valve 10, provided with an elongated stem 11, which extends through the hollow stem 9 and slightly beyond the outer end thereof. as clearly shown in Fig. l. ly extending the stem 11 of the intake valve 10 through the elongated hollow stern 9. the latter will act as a guide for the intake -alve. keeping the same in direct a-linenient with'the exhaust valve and therefore also insuring the proper seating of said valve.

l provide separate springs for the intake and exhaustvalves, and these springs are preferably secured to the valve-stems in the manner more clearly shown in Fig. 5,where in the exhaust valve-stein 9 is provided with an elongated slot 12 into which the two pieces or semi-cylindrical bushings 13 take. The two-piece bushing 13. is held in place by a collar 14. which is slipped up onto the bushing; and this collar 14 also engages the upper end of the exhaust valve spring i5 and forms a stop for the spring.

The intake valve stem 11 is provided With a slot into which is fitted a key 1G`; and this key 16 extends through the elongated I lot l2 formed in the exhaust. valve-stem 9. lt will he understood, ot course, that the elongated `slot 12 in the exhaust valvestem il is of greater width than the key i6, so as tional viewot' the push rod cam roller yoke l to allow tot' the independent movement ot CIV with which similar perforations in the plate i the intake valve 10 and at the same time give-sufficient clearance at either end for adjustment of the valve lift in case of wear through the `grinding of the valves, etc. A\ collar 1T, the upper end whereof is provided with a slot to receive the key 16, en gages the upper end of the intake valvespring 1S and forms a stop therefor. This collarvltits loosely-around the valve-stein il and is governed therefor@ entirely by the key 1G and the intake valve-spring 1S.

It is apparent from the foregoing description. that the intake valve 10 is lifted or held on its seat hy the spring 1S. and the exhaust valve? .is lifted or held onits seat by the springll, thus eliminating a disadvantage heretofore encountered. whei'e concentric valves were used as a result of employingv a heavy intake valve-spring of sutticient strength to lift both valves which resulted in a heavy hammer blow when the exhaust valve would close.

In addition to overcoming the objection just mentioned. my improved valve stem construction has the advantage in that,

should one of the springs break. the remaining spring will hold the yalve with the broken spring and preventfits falling into the cylinder which would. of course, cause considerable trouble. This advantage is obtained by havingy the key lt pass through both valve-stems as heretofore described.

.\s previously' described. the exhaust valve chamber 6 surrounds the cylindrical stem of the exhaust valve T. and allows the escapingor exhaust gases to pass out through orifice 19 into the suitable exhaust pipe which may be secured to the flange coupling face Q0. 'l`hefexhaust chamber (l. as clearly shown in the drawings. is placed innnediately outside of the cylinder head: and l also arrange the vintake or mixing chamber Q1 immediately abo-ve the exhaust chan'lber 4 The intake or mixing chamber 21 is preferably provided with a removable uppi portion or cap QQ. secured to the chamber in any suitable manner. thusl permitting of east'v access to the valve springsI which are `loeated within the mixing chamber 2l. The side wall of the mixing chamber 21 is provided with a tianged coupling through which the direct fuel injecting mechanism Qt is secured, or to which a suitable intake pipe leading from a carhureter may be attached. thus permitting ot both methodsI of fuel injection beingr employed.

lVhere the direct method or fuelinjecting device 2.4 is used. the top of the cap portion i provided with suitable perforations.

or disk Q5 kare intended to register. The disk or plate 25 is Isuitably secured to the top Q2. as for example by the flanged collar 26: so that the disk or plate may he rotated,

atmosphere. or into av whereby the size or number of registered perforations will be varied, thereby controlling the amount of air admitted t0 the vmixing chamber 2l. `Where a earbureter is employed, the top of the cap portion 22 is left solid. or all of the perforations closed 0H", so thatv all of the intake mixture will enter through the arbureteiz fore described. it will he seen that the exhaust gases discharged into chamber 6 tend to heat the walls of exhaust valve '7, so that when the intake charge passes through the exhaust valve 7. it will become heated and therefore thoroughlyv vaporized; the intake charge will also in turn actas a cooling medium for the valves and the valve seats.

The valves may he actuated by any suitable tappet levers and push rods in conjunction with the cam-shaft of the motor. l prefer. however to employ the construction shown. in which the exhaust valve is operated b v the tappet lever QT which works about the fulcrum pin 28 secured in the hifurcated arm or bracketQE) which may be formed integral with the cap portion Q2. I provide the outer lever 2T with a ber cushion 2T, See Figs. 3 and -,tj.'which is adapted to receive the impulse from the push rod 30. The inner end. ot' tappet lever 27 is so formed as not to interfere with the operation of the intake valve push-rod.

Push rod BO is in the nature of a hollow stem or tube and is secured to a guide extension 31. preferably by being screwed thereon as shown, thus enabling the length of the push rod to be adjusted; and after the push trod has been adjusted to proper length. it is securely clamped in place by a lock nut 3Q. The guide extension 31 is Isecured to a yoke 33, which. in the construction illustrated. constitutes the exhaust cam roller yoke: the connection between the guide extension 31 and the cani roller yoke Pl?) may be made in any suitable manner. The yoke 32E carries the cam roller 34 which is a'dapted to be engaged by the exhaust cam 35 secured to the cam shaft 36.

The intake valve is actuated by means of the tappet lever 53T, which operates about the fulcrum pin 3S, which latter is secured in the bifurcated arm or bracket Q9. The tappet lever S7 is preferably provided at its outer or push rod end with an adjusting nut 39. which is provided with a fiber cushj ion l0. This cushion t0 is adapted to receive ,the impact from the push rod 41, which latter extends through the hollow curely locked in place by a suitable lock nut 4'?. Through the adjustment of nut 39, the proper length of push rod 41 is effected.

lush rod 4l is secured to the intake cam .roller yoke 8 in any suitable manner, as

From the construction shown and heretoor push rod end of tappetv ipush rod 30. The adjusting nut 39 is se-' for example by screwing the same to the guide extension 31 and the liber cushion 27a.

yoke as clearly-shown in Fig. 2." The yoke 43 carries a cam roller 44 which is adapted to be engaged bythe intake cam 45 secured to the cam-shaft 36.

Vith the push rod 41 taking through on tappet lever 27, it will be seen that the extension 31 and the cushion 27a serve as guides or hearings for the intake push rod. lith the push rod 41 taking through the fiber QT. the latter serves as a guide .to h old both push rods 30 and 41 in proper alinement.

In order that the construction may be made as noiseless in its operation as possible, especially' when the exhaust valve opens and carries the intake valve with it, I prefer to construct the cam roller vokes 33 and 43 inthe manner more clearly illustrated in Fie'. 2. where the cam roller yoke 43 isshown provided with a lug 4G which extends into a recess 4T formed in the yoke 33; the lug 4G engaging with the shoulder 4S wh'en the exhaust cam 35 raises the yoke 33. The slot or recess 4T is, of course, made of sutlicient dept-h to permit of the yproper upward movement of yoke 43, independently of the exhaust cam roller yoke 33. It is apparent from the construction shown and de- `scribed. that when cam roller yoke 33 rises, it will carry voke 43 upward with it, thus keeping push rod 41 always in contact with theend of tappet lever 3T, so as to allow no play or lost motion.

lith the construction shown and described. it is apparent that the cylinder or cylinder head may be readily removed by simply disconnecting the fuel injecting device or the carbureterintake pipel and the v'ire to the spark plug, thus permitting ready access .to the respective parts being had.

I have shown and described what I believe to be the simplest and best form of my invention, which is applicable for use in connection with'a motor employing either the direct injection or carbureter method of supplying explosive mixtures, wherein the various parts are so arranged as to be free from any undue or unnecessary vibration, and wherein one of the concentric valves forms a vaporizing conduit o r channel for the intake charge; but the construct-ion illust'rated and described may be modiied in certain 'details without however departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not wish to be understood, therefore, as limiting myself to lthe exact construction shown and described, but

that I claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In concentric valve mechanism of the class described, a cylinder having an exhaust chamber surrounding the exhaust port, a second chamber ldcated above the exhaust chamber, a pair of concentric valves -i located intermediate of the second chamber and the cylinder, one of said valves constituting a conduit for conveying the intake charge from the second chamber tof the cylinder, a slot and key connection whereby the valves are locked together but permitted to have independent movement, a pair of concentric springs located within the second chamber whereby the valves are independe ently lifted to closed position, and means whereby the valves are operated.

2. Concentric valve mechanism of the class described, comprising a hollow cylin drical valve arranged to act as, the exhaust valve and as a conduit for the intake charge, a second valve arranged within said exhaust valve and constituting the intake valve, a

with the cam shaft of the motor, the Arela.-

tion between the yokes being such that they may have jointl movement or one yoke may have independent movement.

3. Concentric valve mechanism of the class described, comprising a hollow valve arranged toact as the exhaust valve and as eov a conduit for the intake charge, a second valve arranged within the first mentioned valve and constituting the intake valve, the hollow valve being provided with an elongated stem arranged to act as a guide for the second or intake valve, means whereby the valves are locked in their concentric relation but permitted to have independent movement, a' pair of concentric push rods,

.the outer rod having operative connection with the exhaust valve stem, while the inner rodA has operative connection with the intake valve stem,and a pair of roller carrying yokes secured to the opposite ends of said rods, the yoke secured to the outer push rod being arranged to carry the other yoke, while the yoke secured to the inner push rod is arranged to have independent movement.

4. Concent-ric valve mechanism of the class described, comprising a hollow cylindrical valve arranged to act las the exhaust valve and as a conduit for the intake charge, a second valye arranged within said exhaust valve, means whereby the valves are locked together but permitted to have independent movement, a spring for each of said valves whereby they are independently returned to closed position, a pair` of concentric push rods, a pair of roller carrying yokes secured` at one end of each rod and arranged in opand act-ing as lan exhaust valve,

erative engagement with the cams of the cam shaft of the motor, said yokes being arranged to move in unison through the action of the exhaust cam, while one yoke is independently moved through .the action of the intake cam, and means intermediate of the push rods and the valve stems whereby both valves are moved in unison through the action of the exhaust cam and the intake valve is independently moved through the action of the intake cam.

5. ln combination with a cylinder provided with an exhaust chamber, a second or mixing chamber arranged above said exhaust chamber, provided with a removable top, of a hollow cylindrical valve extending through the exhaustchamber, adapted to establish communicaton between said second chamber and theu cylinder for the intake charge y a second valve arranged within the first mentioned valve and acting as an intake valve, said valves being provided With elongated concentric stems having slot and key connection whereby the valves are locked together but permitted independent movement, a spring for each of said. valves whereby they are independently returned to closed position, a pair of concentric push rods, roller carry-v ing mechanism intermediate ot' the ends of said rods and the cam sha-ft of the motor whereby both of said rods are moved through the action ofthe exhaust cam while a portion of said mechanism is independently moved through the action of the intake cam on the cam shaft of the motor.

G. Concentric valve mechanism of the class described, comprising a hollow valve arranged intermediate ot' the intake charge supplying mechanism and the cylinder of mediate of the cam said second chamber beingA the motor, said valve constituting a conduit for'the intake charge and acting as an exhaust valve, a second valve concentrically mounted in the exhaust valve and act-ing as anintake valve, a pair of concentric springs whereby said valves are independently maintained in closed position, and means inter the valve stems wherebyA the valves are operated, said means being arranged so as to maintain constant engagement with the cam shaft of the motor and the valve stems and move when the exhaust cam is operated, while a portion of said means is adapted to have independent movement.

7. Concentric valve mechanism ot the class described, comprising a cylinder having an exhaust chamber surrounding the exhaust port, a second chamber located above the exhaust chamber, a pair of concentric valves located intermediate of the second chamber andthe cylinder, one of said valves constitilting a conduit for conveying the intake charge from the second chamber to the cylinder and forming the exhaust valve.v means whereby the valves are locked together but permitted to have independent movement. a

pair of concentric springs located in the second chamber whereby the valves are independently lifted toclosed position, a pair of levers engaging the stems of said valves, and a pair of concentric push-rods having independent operative connection with the cam shaftof the motor and so arranged thatboth levers Will be jointly operated when the exhaust valve push-rod is lifted.

WILLIAM J. LEIGHTY.

Witnesses:

A. J. SCHOENECKER, E. M. Hose.

shaft of the motor andl 

